China's global development spending, particularly through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), has made it a major financier worldwide, with loans and grants totaling $843 billion from 2000 to 2017. The BRI, launched in 2013, initially focused on infrastructure but has expanded to sectors like health, technology, and education, reaching regions including Latin America and Africa. China's development spending aims to strengthen bilateral ties and economic interdependence, though it faces criticism for high debt levels in recipient countries and environmental and labor concerns. The U.S. and other Western nations are exploring alternatives to China's BRI, emphasizing more concessional loans. China's future development spending may shift towards health, digital development, and green energy, with a potential slowdown due to rising global interest rates and existing debt burdens in recipient countries.