A study conducted in India and Tanzania, funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and led by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health with local collaborators, has found that a single 500mg calcium pill daily is as effective as the standard three-pill regimen in preventing preeclampsia and preterm birth among pregnant women. The World Health Organization currently recommends 1500 to 2000 milligrams daily in three doses. The study's findings, which could simplify and reduce the cost of supplementation, were presented at the 5th ARISE Network Annual Scientific Symposium in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Further research is needed to confirm these results in different populations and assess long-term effects.

Tanzanian scientists, led by Sang'udi Sang'udi, are developing Saratani AI, an AI tool for early cancer detection, amidst a significant challenge of local data scarcity. This issue, common across Africa, affects the tool's accuracy due to reliance on datasets from the Global North, which may not reflect local disease patterns. Experts like Deogratius Mzurikwao warn of the risks of bias and the legal implications of using AI trained on non-local data. Efforts are underway to collaborate with institutions for more representative data, and projects like Jabhera Matogoro's AI Mental Health Project in Dodoma aim to integrate locally relevant data. However, the lack of a comprehensive AI policy in Tanzania raises concerns about data protection and regulatory oversight. Advocates like Maxence Melo stress the need for dedicated regulations to ensure ethical AI development, while government officials like Deputy Minister Andrea Kundo highlight the broader vision for emerging technologies. The situation underscores the urgent need for comprehensive AI governance.

Gavi has committed over US$1.8 billion to support vaccine production in Africa, with US$1 billion allocated through the African Vaccine Manufacturing Accelerator (AVMA) to bolster the continent's biotechnology sector. The initiative aims to address vaccine inequities exposed by the COVID-19 pandemic and support African manufacturers in delivering over 800 million doses in the next decade. The funding also includes a US$500 million First Response Fund for future pandemics and routine immunisation gaps. Key stakeholders, including Africa CDC and the African Union, view this as a significant step towards vaccine self-reliance, though further domestic funding is needed for sustainable implementation.

Africa has introduced a new public health order, developed by the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC), to enhance health security and sustainable development. This roadmap emphasizes local ownership, equity, sustainable investment, innovation, and self-reliance. It aims to strengthen public health institutions, expand vaccine and therapeutic manufacturing, invest in the public health workforce, and foster partnerships. The initiative addresses the continent's high disease burden and inadequate health funding, aiming to prevent future health crises and improve overall health outcomes. The success of this order depends on the full support and implementation by African governments and institutions.

Zanzibar has made significant strides towards eliminating cholera, with no outbreaks reported in the last five years. The success is attributed to a comprehensive plan involving improved water and sanitation infrastructure, preventive vaccination, and community mobilization. Key organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and the Ministry of Health for Tanzania and Zanzibar have played crucial roles. The plan aims to eliminate cholera by 2027, but sustained efforts in hygiene and health education are essential to maintain these gains.

Zanzibar has made significant strides in eliminating cholera, with no outbreaks reported in the last five years. The Zanzibar Comprehensive Cholera Elimination Plan (ZACCEP) 2018–2027, supported by WHO, UNICEF, and other organizations, focuses on creating an enabling environment, prevention, and response. Key measures include training food workers, improving water and sanitation, preventive vaccination, and stockpiling medical supplies. Community engagement and hygiene promotion are crucial to sustaining these gains. The plan aims to eliminate cholera in Zanzibar by 2027, contributing to broader public health improvements in Tanzania.

Zanzibar has not experienced a cholera outbreak in the past five years, thanks to a comprehensive plan involving the World Health Organization, the Ministry of Health for Tanzania and Zanzibar, and UNICEF. The plan focuses on creating an enabling environment, prevention, and response, including training, water and sanitation investments, and vaccination. The last major outbreak in 2015-2016 affected over 4,000 people. The strategy has been effective, with high-level leadership and community involvement playing crucial roles. However, challenges remain, such as maintaining hygiene practices and addressing socio-economic factors.

Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in ramping up vaccine production, could help address Africa's cholera outbreak, which has seen over 130,000 cases and 3,000 deaths since 2022. Matshidiso Moeti, WHO regional director for Africa, emphasizes the need for investment in safe water and hygiene infrastructure to prevent cholera. The WHO-Africa is actively working with countries to enhance response capacities, secure resources, and distribute vaccines, despite challenges such as extreme climatic events and political conflicts.

Tanzania significantly increased its COVID-19 vaccination coverage from 2.8% in January 2022 to 52.5% by May 2023, surpassing many African countries. This success is attributed to strong political commitment, international collaborations, and innovative community engagement strategies. President Samia Suluhu Hassan's public vaccination boosted confidence, while mass education campaigns and easy access to vaccines helped overcome initial hesitancy. Organizations like WHO, CDC Tanzania, and the Benjamin Mkapa Foundation played crucial roles in the vaccination drive.

Tanzania is offering researchers US$22,000 to publish in international journals to encourage research and improve institutional rankings. However, some researchers argue that this initiative will primarily benefit those who are already well-established in their careers.